SolomonIslands.cc

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Solomon Islands: tourism, travel information, maps, accommodations, activities, country facts, history, transportation.

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The Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña de Neyra visited and named the Solomon Islands in 1568. The northernmost islands of the group were explored in 1768 by Louis Antoine de Bougainville, after whom the island of Bougainville is named. Germany established control over the northern Solomons in 1885, but in 1900 transferred these islands—except Bougainville and Buka —to the British, who had declared a protectorate over the central and southern Solomons in 1893. In 1914, at the start of World War I, Australia occupied the remaining German Solomons, and in 1919 the League of Nations granted the area to Australia as a mandate.

Japan occupied most of the Solomons during World War II, and heavy fighting occurred in the region, especially on and around Guadalcanal —where nearly 24,000 Japanese died in a seven-month period of fighting—before the Allies forced the last Japanese to leave the island group in 1945. In 1975 the Australian-administered Solomons became independent as part of Papua New Guinea . The British Solomons gained full independence as the Solomon Islands in 1978.

The capital and principal port is Honiara , on Guadalcanal. Melanesians make up about 94 per cent of the population, and there is a small minority of Polynesians. The Solomon Islands have a high birth rate.