Taos Painters: Georgia Totto O'Keeffe (1887-1986)

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Georgia Totto O'Keeffe was born November 15, 1887 on a large dairy farm in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. Her father was a Hungarian immigrant and her mother a descendent from Edward Fuller, a passenger on the Mayflower and a signer of the Mayflower Compact. Georgia was one of seven children and showed remarkable artistic talent at a very young age. Her parents encouraged her by providing five years of art instruction by the time she was sixteen. When she received her high school diploma in 1905, Georgia moved to Chicago to attend the Art Institute of Chicago. After a year she contacted typhoid fever and later decided to head to the Art Students League in New York in 1907 rather than return to Chicago. At the League O'Keeffe won the William Merritt Chase still-life prize, which was a scholarship to attend outdoor summer school at Lake George, New York. While she was there in 1908, she attended an exhibition at gallery 291, which was owned by photographer Alfred Stieglitz who one day would become her husband. In her studies with William Merritt Chase and Frank Dumond she found the strict adherence to realism stifling and so decided to quit painting for a time. Four years later O'Keeffe took a summer course for art teachers at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville. Her instructor Alon Bement from Teachers College, Columbia University, introduced O'Keefe to the new ideas of Arthur Wesley Dow. Dow taught art as personal expression and a harmony of color, line and value. She continued to work with these ideas as she taught art in Texas public schools or worked summers as Bement's assistant in Virginia. While teaching at West Texas State Normal College in 1916 she often took painting trips to the Palo Duro Canyon to enjoy the rich colors of the sandstone formations. Georgia's friend Anita Pollitzer took some of her drawings to show Alfred Stieglitz, and he remarked they were,


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