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Title
The Digital Multiverse: A Free Online Encyclopedia of Books and Knowledge
Description
Aside from magic tricks, the most spectacular visual illusions are those created in the brain itself. The most famous illusions in psychology are the Mueller-Lyer illusion (two lines with opposing arrowheads), the impossible triangle, and the Necker cube. Optical illusions were exploited in optical art, and by artists such as Escher and Dali. The variation in the apparent size of the Moon (larger when near the horizon) is an example of a natural illusion that is an optical phenomenon.
The brain takes cues from images received from the eyes to help it interpret what is being seen. Usually this is important for things like depth perception, but occasionally it leads us astray. The cues deceive us into thinking we see something that isn't true, or isn't even there. In the pages that follow, you will see that we can arrange marks on the paper or on the screen, that will fool your mind into seeing a false reality. Identical lines will appear to be different lengths, ghostly dark blobs appear where the screen or paper is white, black and white patterns appear to move when they can't, etc. They can be so convincing that you may have to check for your self that there's no trickery involved.
A popular dictum states that "seeing is believing". Most people understand that to be true enough, most of the time - but there are exceptions to this rule, as with most rules. Look at the picture here. You almost certainly can see some black dots appearing and disappearing randomly in the white discs. Are they really there, at all? You can check for yourself, in various ways, and determine that they are not actually present in the image itself.
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